Detroit — General Motors and Ford Motor Co. said they would close all of their manufacturing sites in the United States, Canada and Mexico until at least March 30 – marking a costly and dramatic step to battle the coronavirus pandemic that the automakers had hoped to avoid.
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles also is expected to close its North American plants, a source with knowledge of the plans said Wednesday afternoon, although the timing of its shutdowns is unclear.
Ford said the shutdowns will begin after Thursday's shifts. GM said it will begin cutting production Wednesday in a cadence.
“We’re continuing to work closely with union leaders, especially the United Auto Workers, to find ways to help keep our work force healthy and safe – even as we look at solutions for continuing to provide the vehicles customers really want and need,” Kumar Galhotra, Ford’s president of North America, said in a statement. “In these unprecedented times, we’re exploring unique and creative solutions to support our work force, customers, dealers, suppliers and communities.”
As of Tuesday night, the automakers had planned to continue running their plants without a wholesale interruption. In a meeting with UAW leaders, executives agreed to a number of enhanced safety measures, including rotating partial shutdowns and extra time between shifts to allow for extra cleaning.
But Wednesday morning, FCA sent home employees at a Detroit-area Ram pickup plant after learning that a worker had contracted COVID-19, and Ford had to close off part of its Ranger plant because a worker there tested positive. Ford’s Explorer plant in Chicago also was down Wednesday because a Lear seating plant that supplies it closed after a worker got the virus.
A six-day manufacturing stoppage across North America announced by American Honda, whose factory workers are nonunion, also helped the UAW pressure the Detroit 3 into a temporary shutdown.
"We have agreed to a systematic, orderly suspension of production to aid in fighting COVID-19/coronavirus,” GM CEO Mary Barra said in the company's statement. “We have been taking extraordinary precautions around the world to keep our plant environments safe, and recent developments in North America make it clear this is the right thing to do now."
U.S. Rep. Debbie Dingell, D-Mich., a former GM executive and longtime industry supporter, said: "In the end, this was not a difficult decision. Everyone involved knows the importance of the auto industry to the American economy and the impact of a potential shutdown.
“The first priority for everyone is to mitigate the spread of this virus," her statement said. "UAW leadership was focused on protecting the health and safety of their workers as a first priority. The effects of the virus will ripple through our economy for a long time. However, we will never be able to rebound without the hardworking men and women of the auto industry.”
Ford said it would work with the UAW on plans to restart production.
“Today’s action is the prudent thing to do. By taking a shutdown and working through next steps, we protect UAW members, their families and the community,” UAW President Rory Gamble said in a statement. “We have time to review best practices when the plants reopen, and we prevent the possible spread of this pandemic. We commend Ford for working with us and taking this bold step.”
A Ford spokeswoman said Ford’s parts distribution facilities will remain open so they can supply parts to customers.
During the shutdown, Ford’s U.S. employees who have more than one year of seniority will receive approximately 75 percent of their pay through a combination of unemployment and supplemental unemployment benefits, the automaker said. Temporary workers and those with less than one year of seniority are eligible for unemployment.